细胞STR鉴定

        2015年2月Science又一篇题为“Line of attack”文章浓墨重彩描述目前科研界培养的细胞发生交叉污染或被错误辨识的严重性；2015年4月Nature又发出通知Nature期刊即将实行新审稿政策：Nature旗下杂志将从5月开始要求作者鉴定论文中所用细胞系；2015年6月有报道称一科学家由于用错细胞系，撤销Nature论文。

近年来，大量研究表明 STR 基因分型 方法是进行细胞交叉污染和性质鉴定的最有效和准确的方法之一，STR基因分型应用于细胞鉴定已被ATCC等机构强烈推荐。美国的ATCC 细胞库、德国的DSMZ细胞库以及日本的JCRB细胞库等为STR 分型提供了各细胞株的数据供比对。

STR基因位点由长度为3～7个碱基对的短串连重复序列组成，这些重复序列广泛存在于人类基因组中，可作为高度多态性标记，被称为细胞的DNA指纹，其可通过PCR（聚合酶链式反应）来检测。STR基因座位上的等位基因可通过扩增区域内重复序列的拷贝数的不同来区分，在毛细管电泳分离之后可通过荧光检测来识别。随后通过一定的计算方法，即可根据所得的STR分型结果与专业的细胞STR数据库比对从而推算出样品所属的细胞系或可能的交叉污染的细胞系名称。

实验方案：

样本要求：

细胞团>106个，或一瓶活细胞，或冻存细胞>106个；或DNA浓度>50ng/μl，体积>20μl

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